Which career theory emphasizes 'planned happenstance'?

The concept of 'planned happenstance' is a key element of Krumboltz's career development theory. This theory posits that unexpected events and chance encounters can play a significant role in shaping an individual’s career path. Krumboltz emphasizes that instead of solely relying on a structured plan for career development, individuals should also remain open to these chance events and learn to integrate them into their career decision-making process.

Planned happenstance involves being proactive in recognizing opportunities and being willing to explore new paths that arise from unforeseen circumstances. Krumboltz encourages individuals to prepare for and take advantage of these moments, fostering adaptability and open-mindedness. By doing so, individuals can create fulfilling career journeys that reflect both their interests and the serendipitous nature of life.

In contrast, the other theories highlighted focus on different aspects of career development. For example, Holland's theory emphasizes matching personal interests to occupational environments, Super's theory centers on the stages of career development over a lifespan, and Gottfredson's theory discusses the sociocultural influences on career choices. Each of these theories provides valuable insights, but none specifically center around the idea of 'planned happenstance' as Krumboltz does.