What characteristic distinguishes formative evaluation from summative evaluation?

Formative evaluation is primarily focused on the process of developing a program or service, and it occurs during implementation. It emphasizes the iterative nature of evaluation, where feedback is used to refine and improve the service while it is still being executed. By gathering information and insights during the program, stakeholders can make informed adjustments to enhance effectiveness and outcomes.

The characteristic of formative evaluation that is most distinguishing is its role in shaping future services based on the feedback obtained throughout the process. This proactive approach allows for timely adjustments and improvements, which can significantly impact the overall success of the program.

In contrast, summative evaluation typically occurs at the end of a service or program and focuses on measuring its outcomes and determining its overall effectiveness. This difference in timing and purpose sets formative evaluation apart, making it an essential tool for continuous improvement.